Sites, Markets, Environment Sites and Verbund Six Verbund sites with intelligent plant networking 355 additional production sites worldwide BASF has companies in more than 90 countries. We operate six Verbund sites and 355 additional production sites worldwide. Our Verbund site in Ludwigshafen, Germany, is the world’s largest chemical complex owned by a single company that was developed as an integrated network. This was where the Verbund principle was originally established and continuously optimized before being implemented at additional sites. BASF sites BASF sales by region 2018 Location of customer The Verbund system is one of BASF’s great strengths. We add value by using our resources efficiently. The Production Verbund intelligently links production units and their energy supply so that, for example, the waste heat of one plant provides energy to others. Furthermore, one facility’s by-products can serve as feedstock elsewhere. This not only saves us raw materials and energy, it also avoids emissions, lowers logistics costs and leverages synergies. We also make use of the intelligent Verbund principle for more than production, applying it for technologies, the market and digitalization as well. Expert knowledge is pooled in our global research platforms. More information on the Verbund concept Procurement and sales markets Over 90,000 customers; broad customer portfolio More than 70,000 suppliers BASF supplies products and services to over 90,000 customers1 from various sectors in almost every country in the world. Our customer portfolio ranges from major global customers and medium-sized businesses to end consumers. We work with over 70,000 Tier 1 suppliers from different sectors worldwide. They supply us with important raw materials, chemicals, investment goods and consumables, and perform a range of services. Some of our most important raw materials are naphtha, natural gas, methanol, ammonia and benzene. More information on customersMore information on suppliers 1 The method used to calculate customers in the previous year has been adjusted to “sold-to” parties of our consolidated companies. The updated figure for 2017 is over 80,000 customers. BASF sales by industry 2018 (Direct customers) >20% Chemicals and plastics 10–20% Consumer goods | Transportation 5–10% Agriculture | Construction | Energy and resources <5% Health and nutrition | Electronics Business and competitive environment BASF’s global presence means that it operates in the context of local, regional and global developments and is bound by various conditions. These include: Global economic environment Legal and political requirements (such as European Union regulations) International trade agreements Industry standards Environmental agreements (such as the E.U. Emissions Trading System) Social aspects (such as the U.N. Universal Declaration of Human Rights) BASF holds one of the top three market positions in around 75% of the business areas in which it is active. Our most important global competitors include Arkema, Clariant, Covestro, DowDuPont, DSM, Evonik, Formosa Plastics, Huntsman, Lanxess, SABIC, Sinopec, Solvay, Wanhua and many hundreds of local and regional competitors. We expect competitors from Asia and the Middle East in particular to gain increasing significance in the years ahead. Corporate legal structure As the publicly traded parent company, BASF SE takes a central position: Directly or indirectly, it holds the shares in the companies belonging to the BASF Group, and is also the largest operating company. The majority of Group companies cover a broad spectrum of our business. In the BASF Group Consolidated Financial Statements, 323 companies including BASF SE are fully consolidated. We consolidate eight joint operations on a proportional basis, and account for 35 companies using the equity method. For more information, see the Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements back next